Children have lost more than a third of their school year to the pandemic

A year into the COVID-19 pandemic, children across the world have lost an average of 74 days of education each due to school closures and a lack of access to remote learning, Save the Children said today – more than a third of the standard global 190-day school year.

In total, an estimated 112 billion days of education[i] have been lost altogether, with the world’s poorest children disproportionately affected.

New analysis by the child rights organisation of data for 194 countries and different regions shows that children in Latin America and the Caribbean, and South Asia, missed out on almost triple the education of children in Western Europe.

Broken down at regional level, the difference in lost days of education becomes painfully clear, Save the Children said:

• Both in Latin America and the Caribbean, and South Asia, children went through 110 days without any education;
• Children in the Middle East lost 80 days of education;
• Children in Sub-Saharan Africa lost an average of 69 days;
• Both in East Asia and the Pacific, and Eastern Europe and Central Asia, children lost out on 45 days;
• In Western Europe, it was 38 days.

Inger Ashing, CEO of Save the Children, said: “Almost a year after the global pandemic was officially declared, hundreds of millions of children remain out of school. 2021 must be the year to ensure that children do not pay the price for this pandemic.”

A spike in school closures started in February 2020, and on March 11^th the pandemic was declared, pushing 91 percent of the world’s learners out of school at its peak.

As schools closed and remote learning was not equally accessible for all children, the biggest education emergency in history widened the gap between countries and within countries, Save the Children said. The divide grew between wealthier and poorer families; urban and rural households; refugees or displaced children and host populations; children with disabilities and children without disabilities.

Santiago, 13, attends a school for children with a profound hearing loss supported by Save the Children in Venezuela. The school has been closed since the start of the pandemic. He said: “What makes me feel sad, worried, and scared is not being able to return to school, because I like school. People understand me there. When I can´t go to school, I cry and just want to sleep. What I would tell the children in the world who are feeling sad or scared or worried is that they are my friends. And that they are not alone.”

Jonathan*, 15, a Save the Children child rights campaigner in a refugee camp in Uganda, has like many children missed out on schooling over the past year. He is worried for his friends who he has seen drop out of school permanently due to school closures and end up working, pregnant or in early marriages. He said: “I feel bad when other children are not going to school. Because without education no one can get success. So, you find that if you do not go to school, it will be hard on your side. You will not understand, you will always be illiterate. So, you find that it’s very difficult.”

There have also been huge discrepancies in access to learning in wealthier nations during the pandemic, Save the Children said.

Students in the U.S. for example are more disconnected from the internet than students in other high-income countries, which likely also impacted their access to remote learning. Only two EU countries have lower levels of internet access than the U.S. – Bulgaria and Romania.[ii] At the start of the pandemic, upwards of 15 million students from kindergarten through to high school in U.S. public schools lacked adequate internet for distance learning at home.[iii]

Other wealthier countries also struggled to provide equal online alternatives for school-based learning. In Norway, while almost all youth between 9 and 18 years old has access to a smartphone, 30 percent did not have access to a PC at home. In the Netherlands, one in five children does not have a PC or tablet for home learning.

Governments and donors need to take immediate action to prevent an irreversible impact on the lives of millions of children who may never return to school[iv], the agency warned.

Save the Children urged them to ensure that all children can return to school in a safe and inclusive way so the most marginalised children, including girls, are not robbed of a future by this pandemic. All children need to have access to catch up classes, so that children can make up for their lost learning, while recognising the huge emotional toll this crisis has taken.

Ms Ashing said: ‘With vaccines being rolled out, there is hope that we can win the battle against the virus, if all countries can access them. But we will lose the war against the pandemic if we do not ensure children get back to school safely, have access to health services, have enough to eat and are protected. We owe it to children to get this right.”

“At the same time, we need to recognise that children need support as they return to school. Living through this pandemic will have made many anxious and they will have missed out on basic needs, like playing with friends. They may also feel enormous pressure to make up for lost education. Children should be able to take their time – it should be a school-by-school, child-by-child process that does not add pressure.”

Besides losing out on learning, children out of school are exposed to a higher risk of child labour, child marriage and other forms of abuse, and are more likely to be trapped in a cycle of poverty for generations to come. The global pandemic is estimated to push an additional 2.5 million girls into child marriage by 2025.

Save the Children emphasised that with the G7 coming up, world leaders need to prioritise supporting children to return to school as safely as possible - especially girls.  Also, governments and donors must close the education financing gap, with a particular focus on ensuring that the Global Partnership for Education achieves its replenishment target of $5 billion for the next five years (2021-2025).  

Content: 

Notes for Editors:

• For our analysis of the total number of 112 billion days of lost education and the impact per region, we looked at existing data on school closures, access to remote learning, out of school rates, and school-aged population. When possible, we disaggregated data by level of education, namely primary, lower secondary, and upper secondary school.
• The total number of days of in-person education that children have missed out on [i.e. the total number of days that schools have been closed] is significantly higher.
• While distance learning efforts cannot replace the full benefits of being in school, our calculation of missed days of education reflects the varying access to remote learning. We also factored in the effectiveness of remote learning. We estimate the loss of education through online learning on a global level to be around 50%, meaning that on average a day spent learning online is equal to half a day spent in school.
• For the full methodology, see this link.
• In response to the COVID-19 outbreak and the impact on education, Save the Children is providing distance learning materials, such as books and home learning kits, working closely with governments and teachers to provide lessons and support via radio, television, phone, social media and messaging apps.
• Save the Children is making sure children are safe at home and not missing out on the meals or menstrual hygiene kits they would usually receive at school. And it is providing guidance for parents and other caregivers to ensure they have the right information about how to support their children’s learning and wellbeing at home.
• Save the Children is also working with education authorities to help plan for the safe return to school, advocating with and on behalf of children to ensure decision-makers are aware of their concerns.

i Between 16 February 2020 and 2 February 2021

ii In 2019, 4.7% of U.S. households with children under 18 did not have access to the internet at home, paid or otherwise (6.5% of households did not have a paid internet subscription at home). Across the EU, only 2% of households with dependent children did not have access to the internet at home in 2019. Rates were 6% in Romania and 9% in Bulgaria. Three other non-EU European countries also have lower rates of internet access than the U.S.: Albania (9%), Bosnia and Herzegovina (13%) and Montenegro (6%). Sources:  U.S. Census Bureau. ACS 1-Year Estimates-Public Use Microdata Sample (2019) and Eurostat  (Accessed January 27, 2021)

iii Approximately 9 million of these students live in households with neither an adequate connection nor an adequate device for distance learning. An additional 1 million have an adequate connection but no device. Source: S. Chandra, A. Chang, L. Day, A. Fazlullah, J. Liu, L. McBride, T. Mudalige and D. Weiss. Closing the K-12 Digital Divide in the Age of Distance Learning. (San Francisco, CA: Common Sense Media and Boston, Massachusetts: Boston Consulting Group: 2020)

iv Save our Education report, Save the Children, July 2020